EPQ Ideas and Examples: How to Choose a Title That Scores Well

EPQ examples are illustrative titles and finished projects, such as a dissertation, artefact, investigation or performance, that show how students turn a broad interest into a researchable question for the Extended Project Qualification. The titles below are grouped by subject and illustrate what a workable question looks like in each area; they are not projects submitted by real students. AQA, Pearson Edexcel, OCR and WJEC Eduqas each publish their own exemplar or marked EPQ projects, which show how an A*-standard project is assessed.

The choice of title shapes the marks, because most of them reward the process: planning and managing the project, selecting and using sources critically, and reviewing it at the end. A title that allows a reasoned conclusion gives the student more to show against every assessment objective.

What is the EPQ?

The Extended Project Qualification is a stand-alone Level 3 qualification, usually taken alongside A-Levels in Year 12 and 13, built around one piece of independent research chosen and planned by the student. Under AQA's and OCR's specifications the qualification totals 120 guided learning hours, of which around 30 are spent on taught skills such as research methods, referencing and project management, with the rest given to independent work and supervision meetings; Pearson Edexcel also sets a 120 guided learning hour total but recommends around 40 hours for the taught element.

A project can take different forms. Under AQA and OCR, a project that consists only of a research-based written report, such as a dissertation, should be approximately 5,000 words; where the product is an artefact, a performance or an event, it is accompanied by a written report of at least 1,000 words. Pearson Edexcel structures the EPQ as four units a centre chooses from: Dissertation, Investigation/Field Study, Performance, and Artefact.

Every project also needs a record of the process, called the Production Log and Assessment Record by AQA and the Project Progression Record by OCR, which covers the formal proposal, the research carried out, meetings with the supervisor, changes to the plan and the reasons for them, and a review of the finished product. Students also give a live presentation to a non-specialist audience, and AQA requires the supervisor to record the questions asked and the answers given.

How is the EPQ assessed and what is it worth in UCAS points?

The EPQ is marked against four assessment objectives, and the weighting given to each varies by exam board. AQA and OCR both weight AO1 (Manage), AO2 (Use resources) and AO4 (Review) at 20% each, with AO3 (Develop and realise) weighted at 40%. Pearson Edexcel weights the same four objectives differently: AO1 (Manage) at 17%, AO2 (Use resources) at 22%, AO3 (Develop and realise) at 44%, and AO4 (Review) at 17%. Across all three boards, AO3, which covers taking decisions and producing the final outcome, carries the largest share of the marks, and the qualification is graded on a six-point scale from A* to E.

The EPQ carries half the UCAS Tariff points of an A-Level at the same grade:

• Grade A* = 28 points
• Grade A = 24 points
• Grade B = 20 points
• Grade C = 16 points
• Grade D = 12 points
• Grade E = 8 points

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What makes a good EPQ title?

A good EPQ title is phrased as a focused question that can be argued and answered, not a subject area or a statement of fact. It should be narrow enough to research properly within the written report's word count, giving scope to compare sources, weigh evidence and reach a conclusion beyond simply describing what is already known. A workable title also gives the student room to demonstrate the process the assessment objectives reward: planning and managing the project, selecting and using sources critically, producing a developed outcome, and reviewing what was learned.

Titles that work well tend to include a comparison, a contested claim, a specific case study, or a named constraint (a place, a time period, a population, a technology) that keeps the project bounded. A title with no arguable element, or one broad enough to fill a book, is difficult to mark highly against AO2 and AO3 because there is no clear basis for evaluation or a defined outcome to realise.

Example EPQ titles by subject

These are illustrative examples written to show what a workable, researchable EPQ question looks like in each subject area; they are not titles taken from real students' projects and should be narrowed further to fit a student's own reading and interests.

• Sciences and medicine: To what extent could mRNA vaccine technology, first used at scale against COVID-19, be adapted to treat cancer? Works because it has a defined technology and a comparison between an established use and a proposed one.
• Sciences and medicine: How effective is cognitive behavioural therapy compared with medication in treating generalised anxiety disorder in adolescents? Works because it names a specific population and sets up a direct comparison between two treatments.
• Psychology: Does social media use affect body image more in teenage girls than teenage boys? Works because it is a testable comparison with a defined age group, not a general claim about social media.
• Psychology: How reliable is eyewitness testimony in criminal trials, and what reforms could improve it? Works because it pairs an evaluative question with a practical, arguable second half.
• History and politics: Was appeasement a rational response to the constraints facing Britain in the years before the Second World War, or a failure of leadership? Works because it forces a judgement between two named interpretations, beyond a narrative retelling.
• History and politics: How far did the suffragette movement, compared with the First World War, change attitudes to women's suffrage in Britain? Works because it sets up a comparison of causes that historians genuinely dispute.
• English and languages: How does dystopian fiction use the family unit to critique totalitarian control, comparing two named novels? Works because comparing two novels gives a bounded, structured argument; choosing novels outside the A-Level set texts keeps it clear of syllabus content.
• English and languages: Does learning a second language before the age of seven give a measurable cognitive advantage in later life? Works because it is a specific, evidence-based claim that can be tested against research literature.
• Economics and business: Would a universal basic income reduce or increase economic inactivity in the UK? Works because it is a live policy debate with data and arguments on both sides.
• Economics and business: What factors explain why some UK high street retailers survived online competition while others collapsed? Works because it invites a comparative case study, beyond a general essay on retail decline.
• Law: Should the UK adopt a codified constitution, and what would be lost or gained by doing so? Works because it is a genuine debate among constitutional lawyers with clear arguments each way.
• Law: Does the insanity defence in English law need reform to reflect modern psychiatric understanding? Works because it links a legal doctrine to a specific, researchable critique.
• Maths and computing: How effective are current machine learning models at detecting deepfake images, and what are their limitations? Works because it has a testable technical question with a defined scope.
• Maths and computing: Could quantum computing break current public-key encryption within the next two decades, and how are cryptographers responding? Works because it combines a technical claim with a timeframe that keeps the research bounded.
• Geography and environment: Which policy approach is most likely to help the UK meet its net zero target by 2050, carbon pricing or direct regulation? Works because it compares two named policy tools against a fixed goal.
• Geography and environment: How effective have managed retreat schemes been in reducing coastal flood risk, using one UK case study? Works because a single case study keeps the fieldwork and reading manageable.
• Arts, design and performance (artefact or performance route): Design and produce a short film that uses colour grading to convey a character's psychological state, with a supporting report evaluating the techniques used. Works because the artefact gives a concrete outcome and the report can focus on justifying specific creative choices.
• Arts, design and performance (artefact or performance route): Choreograph and perform a piece that adapts a traditional folk dance form to a contemporary theme, with a supporting report on the creative process. Works because it pairs a practical outcome with a report that can evaluate process against the assessment objectives.

How do you turn a broad interest into a title?

A broad interest becomes a workable title by adding a comparison, a constraint, or a question that has not already been answered, until the topic is narrow enough to research within the word count. Starting from a subject area is normal; the work is in cutting it down before the proposal is agreed with a supervisor.

As a worked example, a student interested in artificial intelligence might start with the topic 'AI and the future of work', which is too broad to research or argue in a single report. Narrowing it to a sector produces 'How will AI change the legal profession', which is more focused but still descriptive. Adding a specific claim and a bounded scope produces a workable title: 'Will AI-assisted contract review reduce entry-level jobs in UK law firms over the next decade, or shift the skills those roles require?' This version has a defined sector, a specific technology, a timeframe, and two competing outcomes to weigh against each other, which gives the student something to argue and conclude.

Which EPQ title patterns should you avoid?

A title is weak if it cannot be answered with evidence and a conclusion, whatever the subject. The most common patterns to avoid are set out below, with the reason each one makes the project harder to mark well.

• Too broad: a title covering an entire field (for example, 'The history of medicine') cannot be researched in depth within the word count, so the report covers everything thinly and develops no argument.
• Purely descriptive: a title that only asks 'what' or 'how does X work' (for example, 'How does the immune system work') produces a report that explains without arguing, which limits marks against AO2 and AO3, since there is no evaluation of competing evidence.
• No debate: a title with only one reasonable answer, or no genuine disagreement in the source material, leaves nothing to weigh up, which weakens AO2 (critical use of sources) and AO4 (review and evaluation).
• Too close to an A-Level syllabus topic: a title that repeats content already taught at A-Level shows little extension. AQA requires the project to be a genuine extension of the student's programme of study, and work submitted for the EPQ cannot also be submitted for another qualification.

How do universities treat the EPQ?

Universities set their own policies, so each course page is the place to check. Oxford's medicine admissions pages say that, as the EPQ is not a compulsory part of post-16 study, it is not used as a condition of entry or in shortlisting, but they encourage applicants to draw on the project in the personal statement, particularly if the topic relates to medicine. Oxford's English Faculty does not include the EPQ in conditional offers and advises candidates to prioritise their A-Levels, while describing the EPQ as a good indicator of the ability to research independently and write at length.

The University of Bristol accepts the EPQ to meet its standard literacy condition on any of its courses, but does not accept it in place of an A-Level.

How should you talk about the EPQ in a personal statement or at interview?

The EPQ is best used in a personal statement or at interview as evidence of a specific skill or finding, not as a repeated mention of the qualification's title. A student should describe one methodological decision, one source they had to evaluate critically, or one conclusion they reached and why, since this shows the independent research and academic skills that admissions tutors say they value.

Where the EPQ topic relates to the degree a student is applying for, linking the research question to the course gives an interviewer or admissions tutor something concrete to ask about; where it does not relate directly, the transferable skills, such as managing a long-term project, working with primary sources, or presenting findings to an audience, are still relevant to mention.

Artefact, investigation and performance project examples

Beyond the dissertation-style titles above, the EPQ can also take the form of an artefact, an investigation or field study, or a performance, each paired with a written report that justifies the choices made, going beyond a description of the finished product. Pearson Edexcel treats these as four distinct units; AQA and OCR mark any non-dissertation route against the same four assessment objectives, provided the report runs to at least 1,000 words. The examples below illustrate how each route can be framed as a workable question or brief; they are not real students' projects.

• Artefact: Design and build a working prototype of a low-cost water filter for use in a specific rural setting, with a report evaluating the materials and design trade-offs made. Works because the brief names a constraint (cost, setting) that bounds the design decisions the report can evaluate.
• Investigation/field study: Does footfall on a named local high street correlate with the mix of independent versus chain retailers, based on a student's own survey data? Works because it pairs primary fieldwork with a testable, bounded question.
• Performance: Compose and perform an original piece of music that reinterprets a traditional form for a modern audience, with a report evaluating the compositional choices against the tradition it draws on. Works because the report can focus on specific, justifiable decisions instead of giving a general account of the performance.

A student weighing a law-themed title can pair it with widerlaw supercurricularsto build a consistent application profile around the same interest.

A medicine-related EPQ sits well alongside othersupercurriculars for medicine, since admissions tutors often ask about one in light of the other.

An engineering or computing title benefits from being read alongsidesuper-curricular activities for engineering, which cover related reading, competitions and projects.

How the AQA Production Log works

Every AQA EPQ candidate completes the Candidate Record Form, Production Log and Assessment Record, a single document handed in alongside the product and a record of the presentation. Part A, the Candidate Proposal, is completed by the student and asks for the topic or activity, the sources to be consulted, and the courses of study or area(s) of personal interest to which the topic relates, where the student explains how the title connects to their current subjects or to an interest outside them. The supervisor then completes Part B, commenting on the feasibility of the plan, before later sections record supervisor meetings, changes to the plan and a final review.

Where the exam boards publish exemplar EPQ projects

Pearson Edexcel runs a public Exemplar Library covering all four units, organised both by unit (Dissertation, Investigation, Performance, Artefact) and by topic pathway such as Climate and Sustainability, Medicine and Dentistry, and Politics and Law. AQA and WJEC Eduqas restrict their exemplar materials and commentaries to registered centres. OCR publishes Exemplar Candidate Work for its H857 Extended Project with examiner commentary showing how marks were awarded against each assessment objective.

• AQA: exemplar materials and commentaries, available to centres via Centre Services
• Pearson Edexcel: public Exemplar Library, organised by unit and by topic pathway
• OCR: Exemplar Candidate Work PDFs for the H857 Extended Project, with examiner commentary
• WJEC Eduqas: exemplar materials for the Extended Project, available via its secure centre website

Related guides

• What are super-curricular activities?
• UCAS personal statement: the three questions
• University interview preparation
• University application support
• The EPQ as evidence in university applications
• Predicted grades for university applications

A completed EPQ proposal form, field by field

Part A of the AQA Candidate Record Form opens with a working title, which the form asks the student to present as a short statement, question or hypothesis with a clear focus. The illustrative title used below is Does retrieval practice improve revision outcomes more than rereading for sixth-form students? Each remaining Part A field can then be completed in a line or two, after which the supervisor responds in Part B.

The form has no separate boxes for aims or planned activities. Those belong on the Record of initial ideas page, under the prompt covering ideas for research and development of the project, which the student completes after the first meetings with the supervisor and before the proposal is agreed.

• Working title: Does retrieval practice improve revision outcomes more than rereading for sixth-form students? The comparison and the named age group keep the question answerable.
• My initial resources will be: two or three review articles on the testing effect, a database search through a university or public library, and a short trial with volunteer classmates. Naming sources shows the supervisor that the research base exists.
• The courses of study or area(s) of personal interest to which the topic relates: A-level Psychology memory content as the starting point, extended into learning-science research the specification does not cover, alongside a personal interest in study technique.
• My intended product: a research-based written report of approximately 5,000 words.
• Current courses: one entry per course giving the qualification type and the awarding body and subject, for example A-level, AQA Psychology.
• Part B, supervisor comments: the supervisor records how the topic relates to and extends beyond the main courses, whether the initial sources are suitable, whether the plan is feasible in the timescale, and the expected format of the product.

A psychology title sits well alongsidesuper-curricular activities for psychology, since reading and research done for the project can feed directly into those wider interests.

Once the project is complete,how to write a personal statementthat draws on one methodological decision or finding from it is worth planning before the application opens.

Ten EPQ title examples and what makes each researchable

Each title below is an illustrative question written to show a feature that makes a project markable: a defined scope, a live debate or a measurable comparison. None is taken from a real student's project, and each needs narrowing further to fit the student's own reading and the courses the student is studying.

• Does high-intensity interval training improve adolescent cardiovascular fitness more than steady-state running? Sport science, dissertation. Measurable comparison between two named training methods.
• Should the voting age in UK general elections be lowered to 16? Politics, dissertation. A live debate with published arguments and evidence on both sides.
• How effective have antibiotic stewardship programmes been at reducing resistance in UK hospitals? Biology and medicine, dissertation. Defined scope: one intervention, one country, one setting.
• Did the Marshall Plan or domestic policy do more to drive West German recovery after the Second World War? History, dissertation. Two named causes that historians weigh against each other.
• Do sodium-ion batteries offer a viable alternative to lithium-ion for grid storage? Chemistry and engineering, dissertation. Measurable comparison on cost, energy density and lifespan.
• Does a four-day working week raise productivity in UK organisations that have trialled it? Economics, dissertation. Bounded by named trials with published results.
• Design and build a low-power sensor that logs soil moisture in a school garden, with a report evaluating its accuracy. Engineering and computer science, artefact. Accuracy can be tested against a reference reading.
• Do teenagers retain vocabulary better through spaced-repetition apps or handwritten flashcards? Psychology and education, investigation. A small trial yields data for a direct comparison.
• Is the unreliable narrator in Atonement and The Remains of the Day a means of moral critique? English literature, dissertation. A bounded two-text comparison with an arguable thesis.
• Create a series of linocut prints interpreting local industrial heritage, with a report evaluating how technique shapes meaning. Art and design, artefact. A defined brief that the report can justify decision by decision.

More EPQ title ideas by subject

The titles below extend the subject coverage above, with the project format labelled beside each. They are illustrative questions for students still choosing a direction, and a supervisor will usually ask for a narrower version before approving any of them.

• Psychology: Does mindfulness training reduce exam anxiety in sixth-form students more than breathing exercises alone? (investigation); How far do childhood attachment styles predict adult relationship patterns? (dissertation)
• Computer science: Can a simple neural network classify handwritten digits as accurately as a decision tree, and at what computational cost? (artefact); How do social media recommendation algorithms shape the news users see? (dissertation)
• Economics and business: Do subscription pricing models increase customer lifetime value for UK streaming services? (dissertation); How have fast-fashion retailers responded to rising sustainability expectations? (dissertation)
• History and politics: How far did the printing press, compared with economic change, drive the Reformation in England? (dissertation)
• English literature: How do Shakespeare's late plays treat forgiveness differently from his tragedies? (dissertation)
• Biology and chemistry: Which common antacid neutralises stomach acid most efficiently per unit cost? (investigation); How effective is CRISPR in treating sickle cell disease? (dissertation)
• Physics and engineering: How do wing-tip designs affect lift in a model aircraft tested in a home-built wind tunnel? (investigation or artefact)
• Art and design: Design a sustainable packaging prototype for a local food producer, with a report on material choices. (artefact)
• Sport science: Does altitude training improve endurance performance in elite runners more than heat acclimation? (dissertation)
• Geography: How has tourism changed land use in one named national park? (investigation)

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